NeuroScience |
NeuroScience and NeuroDevelopment |
| NeuroScience and NeuroDevelopment |
What is NeuroScience?Neuro Science or Neuroscience is a field of study that study the physics, chemistry, anathomy, structure, functions, development, genetics, biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, and pathology of the nervous system. Neuroscience refers to all the fields that study the nervous system. The nervous system consists of the myriad nerve pathways running throughout the body. |
| The NeuroScience also study of human behavior and learning.
The study of the human brain is an interdisciplinary field that involves from the neurons (cellular) to larger nervous subsystems like like the eye, or the cerebellum. The cognitive neuroscience appears as a high level discipline that try to understanding the science behind the mind and consciousness. |
Neuroscience topics |
| Neuroscience includes topics as:
the operation of neurons and neurotransmitters, the biological mechanisms used for learning and moving, the operation of neural structures of other organisms, the genetical contribution in the embryo and throughout life, the functioning of neural circuits in perceiving, remembering, and speaking and other senses. |
Neuroscience FieldsThere are many areas or fields of study within neuroscience : basic science, clinical neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, interdiciplinary fields. |
Basic science: Includes Behavioral epigenetics, Behavioral genetics, Brain mapping, Brain-reading, Cellular neuroscience, Computational neuroscience, Connectomics, Imaging genetics, Integrative neuroscience, Molecular neuroscience, Neural decoding, Neural engineering, Neuroanatomy, Neurochemistry, Neuroendocrinology, Neurogenetics, Neuroinformatics, Neurometrics, Neuromorphology, Neurophysics, Neurophysiology, Systems neuroscience |
Clinical neuroscience: Behavioral neurology, Clinical neurophysiology, Neurocardiology, Neuroepidemiology, Neurogastroenterology, Neuroimmunology, Neurointensive, care, Neurology, Neurooncology, Neuro-ophthalmology, Neuropathology, Neuropharmacology, Neuroprosthetics, Neuropsychiatry, Neuroradiology, Neurorehabilitation, Neurosurgery, Neurotology, Neurovirology, Nutritional neuroscience, Psychiatry |
Cognitive, neuroscience: Affective neuroscience, Behavioral neuroscience, Chronobiology, Molecular cellular cognition, Motor control, Neurolinguistics, Neuropsychology, Sensory neuroscience, Social cognitive neuroscience |
Interdisciplinary, fields: Consumer neuroscience, Cultural neuroscience, Educational neuroscience, Evolutionary neuroscience, Global neurosurgery, Neuroanthropology, Neurobioengineering, Neurobiotics, Neurocriminology, Neuroeconomics, Neuroepistemology, Neuroesthetics, Neuroethics, Neuroethology, Neurohistory, Neurolaw, Neuromarketing, Neuromorphics, Neurophenomenology, Neurophilosophy, Neuropolitics, Neurorobotics, Neurotheology, Paleoneurobiology, Social neuroscience |
Concepts in neuroscience: Brain–computer interface, Neural development, Neural network (artificial), Neural network (biological), Detection theory, Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, Neurochip, Neurodegenerative disease, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Neurodiversity, Neurogenesis, Neuroimaging, Neuroimmune system, Neuromanagement, Neuromodulation, Neuroplasticity, Neurotechnology, Neurotoxin |
| Neurology, which is the branch of medicine that deals with the nervous system. |
| Neurobiology, which aims to study cells of the nervous system and the organization of these cells into functional circuits that process information and mediate behavior. |
| Molecular and cellular neuroscience, which integrate neurobiology with neurochemistry with the goal of understanding the cellular and chemical mechanisms of normal and abnormal brain function. |
| Developmental neuroscience, which studies how the ectodermally-derived central nervous system and mesodermally-derived peripheral nervous system develops into adulthood. Developmental neuroscience uses many different animal models, including the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster , zebrafish Danio rerio, Xenopus laevis tadpoles, and the worm Caenorhabditis elegans. |
| Cognitive neuroscience, which aims to understand the mechanisms that underlie "higher level" brain functions, usually in humans. These include language, learning and memory, attention, and emotion. |
| Computational and systems neuroscience, which seek to understand how information is processed by the nervous system. the methods of research combine mathematical and computational models with physiological recordings of single cells, neuronal clusters, and entire brain systems. |
| Behavioral Neuroscience, which assesses the neural underpinnings of a vast array of behaviors, from primate saccadic eye movements to the complex foraging behavior of bees. |
| Sensory Neuroscience, which attempts to understand how sensory areas of the brain represent information from the outside world. |
| Neurobiology of disease: This field, directly aligned with medical research, is interested in understanding diseases associated with the nervous system. |
| In some sense, psychology is a sub-field of neuroscience, although some mind/body theorists argue that the definition goes the other way. One of the largest related fields which shares many features of both psychology and neuroscience is neuropsychopharmacology. |
| Aphasiology |
| Behavioral Neuroscience |
| Computational neuroscience |
| Evolutionary neuroscience |
| Neural engineering |
| NeuroAnatomy |
| Neurobiology |
| Neurochemistry |
| Neuroeconomics |
| Neuroergonomics |
| Neuroendocrinology |
| Neuroesthetics |
| Neuroethics |
| Neuroethology |
| Neurogenetics |
| Neurogenomics |
| Neuroheuristic |
| Neuroimaging |
| Neurolinguistics |
| Neuromarketing |
| Neuropharmacology |
| Neurophenomenology |
| Neurophilosophy |
| Neurophysiology |
| Neuroproteomics |
| Neuroprosthetics |
| Neuropsychiatry |
| Neuropsychology |
| Neuropsychopharmacology |
| Neurotheology (also Biotheology) |
| Psychiatry |
| Psychopharmacology |
| Psychobiology (also Biopsychology, also Biological psychology) |
| Visual neuroscience |
| Applied Neuroscience, Austria |
| Unsolved problems in neuroscience |
| List of neuroscience topics |
| Important publications in neuroscience |
| List of neuroscientists |
| Neuroscientists, Psychology, Biology |
| Consciousness |
| Neuroscience subfields |
| Neurobiology - General Information and References |
| Cognitive Neuroscience |
| Computational Neuroscience |
| Neural Engineering |
| Neuro Systems |
| Neurons and the cellular components of the nervous system. |
| Human brain development - Neuroscience began in Egypt during the late Middle Kingdom period. In that process the brain was regularly removed to prepare the mummification. At this time the heart that was assumed to be the seat of intelligence. |
| SFN Society for Neuroscience. (202) 962-4000 - Address: 1121 14th Street NW, Suite 1010, Washington, D.C. 20005 |
| Neuroscience - General Information and References |
| Neurodevelopment at Yale Medicine |
| Neuroscience - Basic Neurochemistry: molecular, cellular, and medical aspects of the neurodevelopment process |
| Fundamental Neuroscience, Squire, L. et al. (2003). 2nd edition. Academic Press; ISBN 0126603030 |
| Principles of Neural Science, 4th ed., New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0838577016. |
| Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain. Bear, M.F.; B.W. Connors, and M.A. Paradiso (2001). Baltimore: Lippincott. ISBN 0781739446. |
| Neuroscience, 2nd ed. Dale Purves, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, Lawrence C. Katz, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, James O. McNamara, S. Mark Williams. Published by Sinauer Associates, Inc., 2001. |